How can you differentiate between cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and a chest infection?

The correct answer identifies that unilateral crackles accompanied by a productive cough suggest a chest infection. This is because, in cases of a chest infection, such as pneumonia, it is common for the patient to exhibit localized respiratory signs due to inflammation and fluid accumulation in the lungs. The presence of a productive cough indicates that the infection is producing mucus, which can be a typical symptom in infections affecting the lower respiratory tract.

Furthermore, unilateral crackles, which suggest localized lung involvement, further support a diagnosis of a chest infection. In contrast, cardiogenic pulmonary oedema usually presents bilaterally due to the heart's inability to effectively pump blood, leading to congestion in both lungs rather than a localized infection.

Understanding these clinical presentations enables EMTs and healthcare providers to distinguish between the two conditions effectively, which is crucial for timely and appropriate treatment.