What type of cells in the pancreas produce glucagon?

The correct answer is the type of cells in the pancreas that produce glucagon are alpha cells. These cells are located in the islets of Langerhans and play a critical role in regulating blood glucose levels. When blood sugar levels are low, alpha cells secrete glucagon, which signals the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. This process is vital for maintaining energy balance and ensuring that the body has enough glucose available for various functions, especially during fasting or intense physical activity. Understanding the role of alpha cells in the endocrine function of the pancreas helps in comprehending how hormonal regulation of glucose metabolism works, particularly in conditions like diabetes.