Who is credited with the law stating that total pressure in a fixed volume equals the sum of partial pressures of each gas?

The correct answer is credited to Dalton, who formulated Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures. This law states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas present within that mixture. Each gas behaves independently of the others, and their individual contributions to the total pressure can be considered in a fixed volume.

This principle is significant in various fields, including respiratory physiology and chemistry, as it helps in understanding how gases mix and interact in different environments. Dalton's Law is essential for calculating the behavior of gas mixtures in medical and emergency settings, where precise gas measurement can impact patient care and outcomes.